Fundamental analysis is about getting to know a company, its business, and its future plans better. It includes reading and analysing annual reports and financial statements to get a sense of the company's strengths and weaknesses, as well as its competitors. Before you get started on your journey of investments, we believe that you deserve one of the best trading accounts from one of the top brokers in share market. With Zebu, you get access to a state-of-the-art online trading platform with which you can perform comprehensive fundamental and technical analysis. A few of the important parameters while doing fundamental analysis are: 1. Net Profit Net profit can mean different things to different people. Net means "after all the deductions." It's common to think of net profit as profit after all the operating costs have been taken out, especially the fixed costs or overheads. Gross profit gives investors the difference between sales and direct costs of goods sold before operating costs or overheads are taken into account. This is not the case here. It is also called Profit After Tax (PAT), which is the profit figure that is left after taxes are taken out of the profit. 2. Profit Margins The earnings of a company don't tell the entire story. Earning more money is good, but if the cost goes up more than the revenue, the profit margin doesn't get better. The profit margin shows how much money the company makes from each rupee of sales. This measure is very useful when you want to compare businesses in the same industry. On the basis of a simple formula: Net income / Revenue = Profit margin In this case, a higher profit margin means that the company is better able to control its costs than its competitors are. The profit margin is shown in percentages. If a company makes 10 paise for every rupee they make, then the profit margin is 10%. This means that the company makes 10 paise for every rupee they make. 3. Return on Equity Ratio Return on Equity (ROE) shows how well a company does at making money. It is a ratio of revenue and profits to the value of the company's stock. Find out how much profit a company can make with the money its shareholders have put into it. A simple way to do this is to look at the return on equity ratio, The Return on Equity Ratio is calculated as shown. Return on equity = Net Income / Shareholder’s Equity It is calculated in rupees. This factor is important because it tells you about a lot of other things, like leverage (debt of the company), revenue, profits and margins, returns to shareholders. For example, a company called XYZ Ltd. made a net profit (before dividends) of Rs. 1,00,000. During the year, it paid out dividends of Rs. 10,000. XYZ Ltd. also had 500, Rs.50 par common shares on the market during the year, as well. That's how the ROE would be calculated then. ROE = 1,00,000–10,000/500*50 = Rs. 3.6. Simply put, those who own shares in the company will get back Rs. 3.6 for every rupee they invest in the company. 4. Price to Earnings (P/E) Ratio People often use the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio to figure out how much a share of a company is worth. It tells us how much money the company makes per share in the market today. We can figure out the Price of earnings, or PE ratio, as shown below. In simple terms, PE = Price per Share / Earnings per Share This also helps when you want to compare businesses. Then companies should figure out their EPS and then figure out how much their PE ratio value is. A high P/E means that the stock is priced high compared to its earnings. Companies with higher P/E seem to be more expensive. However, this measure, as well as other financial ratios, must be compared to other companies in the same industry or to the company's own P/E history to be useful. If company XYZ has a share that costs 50 rupees, and its earnings per share for the year are 10 rupees per share. The P/E Ratio is 50/10, which is 5. 5. Price-to-Book (P/B) Ratio A Price-to-Book (P/B) ratio is used to compare a stock's value on the market to its value on the books. Calculating the P/B ratio is the way to figure out if you're paying too much for the stock because it shows how much money the company would have leftover if it were to close down today. P/BV Ratio = Current Market Price per Share / Book Value per Share Book Value per Share = Book Value / Total number of shares Having a higher P/B ratio than 1 means that the share price is higher than what the company's assets would be sold for, which means that the share price is higher. The difference shows what investors think about the future growth of the company. XYZ company, for example, has 10,000 shares trading at Rs.10 each. This year, the company recorded a net value of Rs. 50,000 on its balance sheet. The price-to-book ratio of the corporation would be as follows: 50,000 / 10,000 = Book Value per Share P/BV Ratio = 10 / 5 P/BV Ratio = 2 The company's market price is two times its book value. This signifies that the company's stock is worth twice as much as the balance sheet's net worth. Also, because investors are ready to pay more for the business's shares than they are worth, this company would be called overvalued. Zebu is the house of the best online trading platform in the country - as one of the top brokers in share market, we have provided the best trading accounts for our users. Think of the most complex analysis that you need to do and Zebull Smart Trader from Zebu will make it possible for you. If you would like to know more, please get in touch with us now.